Key facts
- Construction dust can contain respirable crystalline silica and other hazardous materials.
- Wet methods and local exhaust can prevent dust becoming airborne.
- Dry sweeping and uncontrolled cutting can create avoidable exposure.
- Respirators supplement controls and must be selected for the assessed hazard.
Tasks that can generate dust
- Cutting, grinding or drilling concrete, brick, mortar, stone and tile
- Demolition and abrasive blasting
- Mixing dry powders and emptying bags
- Sweeping, compressed-air cleaning and debris handling
Control dust at the source
Use lower-dust materials or methods where feasible, then apply engineering controls such as water delivery, on-tool extraction, local exhaust and enclosure. Restrict access and use suitable dust-class vacuums or wet cleanup methods.
Control performance depends on the tool, task, material and maintenance. Employers should assess exposure and follow applicable local requirements.
Where respirators fit
Respirators may be required when source controls cannot adequately reduce exposure or while controls are being installed. The selected device must match the contaminant and exposure level and must be used in a respiratory-protection program when required at work.
Frequently asked questions
Is all construction dust silica?
No. Construction dust is a mixture. Concrete, brick, mortar, stone and similar materials may release respirable crystalline silica when disturbed.
Should construction dust be dry swept?
Dry sweeping can put settled dust back into the air. Use a suitable vacuum or wet cleanup method where required and feasible.
Is an N95 always enough?
No. Required protection depends on the hazard, concentration, task and local rules. Some work requires higher protection or supplied air.
Sources
This reference was prepared from the following primary public-health and regulatory sources:
- Crystalline Silica Exposure in the Construction IndustryOccupational Safety and Health Administration
- Crystalline Silica: Health EffectsOccupational Safety and Health Administration