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P100 Respirators: Filtration, Oil Resistance and Use

A NIOSH P100 filter captures at least 99.97% of the certification test aerosol and is strongly resistant to oil. P100 describes particle filtration only; it does not by itself protect against gases or vapours.

AQI.news Editorial TeamUpdated 7 min read

Key facts

  • P means strongly resistant to oil.
  • 100 means at least 99.97% filtration in the NIOSH test.
  • P100 filters may be used on filtering facepieces or reusable respirators.
  • A P100 particle filter alone does not remove gases or vapours.

What P100 means

FeatureMeaning
PStrongly resistant to oil aerosols
100At least 99.97% efficiency in the certification test
ApprovalLook for NIOSH markings and a valid approval configuration

Selecting P100 protection

A qualified assessment may select P100 for high-efficiency particle filtration or work involving oil aerosols. The facepiece type and assigned protection factor matter in addition to the filter class.

When cartridges combine P100 media with gas or vapour protection, the complete NIOSH-approved configuration and cartridge change schedule must be followed.

Important limits

  • Does not supply oxygen
  • Particle-only P100 filters do not remove gases or vapours
  • Requires a correct seal on tight-fitting facepieces
  • Cannot substitute for feasible engineering controls

Frequently asked questions

Is P100 better than N95?

P100 has higher test efficiency and oil resistance, but the correct choice depends on the assessed hazard, facepiece and fit.

Does P100 filter welding fumes?

It can filter particles in welding fume when used in an approved, suitable configuration, but it does not remove welding gases.

Does P100 protect against carbon monoxide?

No. A P100 particle filter does not remove carbon monoxide and does not supply breathable air.

Sources

This reference was prepared from the following primary public-health and regulatory sources:

  1. Filtering Facepiece RespiratorsNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
  2. Respirator Selection and UseNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health